A flatcar is moving horizontally along a straight track with a constant speed
v. A launcher mounted on the flatcar contains a small projectile of mass
m, which is initially at rest relative to the flatcar. The launcher fires the projectile at an angle
θ above the forward horizontal direction, as measured in the flatcar's reference frame. In the flatcar's frame, the projectile leaves the launcher with kinetic energy
K0. What is the change in the kinetic energy of the projectile, as measured in the ground frame, during the launch?